Caroline Gibson Scholarship Fund

The Caroline Gibson Scholarship In Marine Studies

The Caroline Gibson Scholarship in Marine Studies supports the next generation of marine conservation leaders through their applied studies in sustaining a vibrant and healthy Salish Sea.

This scholarship continues Caroline’s passion for community and the Salish Sea. It supports undergraduate marine conservationists with a twinkle in their eye and a drive to make a difference in marine conservation. The Caroline Gibson Scholarship in Marine Studies will help them along the way. Just as she’s done for all of us and our work.

Please give generously so we can support as many students as possible.

The Foundation’s committed to sustaining Caroline’s love and passion for the Salish Sea. We plan to do it through an endowed scholarship. This year’s giving is a start with 95 percent of every dollar going directly to student scholarships.

Get to Know the Scholars and Explore Their Work

Sarah Davidson – Spring 2023 Scholar

Improving the capacity of governments and the fisheries sector to conserve marine biodiversity through the use of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECM)

In 2010, Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, following the adoption of Aichi Biodiversity Target 11, recognized the potential for area-based management tools (ABMTs) to contribute to biodiversity goals through the use of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECM). Currently, States are unsure how to interpret or apply the OECM concept due to a lack of clarity regarding the OECM identification criteria. While the criteria aim to reinforce accountability and ensure positive biodiversity outcomes, confusion around the operationalization of the criteria has slowed OECM identification.

So, the aim of this research project is to develop relevant OECM guidance, with a particular focus on creating a framework to evaluate the biodiversity outcomes arising from fisheries ABMTs, to support ongoing discussion of OECMs in fisheries.

The framework (see Table 1) will support increased clarity and transparency in identifying what positive biodiversity outcomes are relevant to and can be expected from fisheries OECMs, thus operationalizing one of the OECM criteria. In February of 2023, the draft framework was presented at the 5^th International Marine Protected Congress (IMPAC5) to solicit feedback from experts.

Plans to continue refining the framework are in place, as the content gathered from IMPAC5 will be incorporated into the existing draft. As the framework is further refined, it can be used to inform future analyses of fisheries ABMT and biodiversity outcomes, thus better enabling OECM identification and evaluation. This framework will hopefully serve as a touchstone for future discussions of the contributions of sustainable fisheries to global conservation goals.

About Sarah Davidson

Sarah Davidson is a second-year graduate student in the School of Marine and Environmental Affairs at the University of Washington. She earned a B. A. in Biology and Environmental Studies from Whitman College, and her current focus is on the intersection of sustainable use sectors—such as fisheries—and conservation initiatives. Recently, she completed an internship with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, focusing on how area-based fisheries management can contribute to biodiversity outcomes. She is a Seattle local and in her free time, she greatly enjoys being out and about on the Salish Sea, backpacking, traveling and spending time with her two chocolate labs.

Questions for Sarah? Email her at: sarahdavidson015@gmail.com

Sarah Gutzmann – Fall 2022 Scholar

The teachings of kelp: assessing Kwakiutl principles, community values, objectives, and trade-offs to cultivate climate resilience in kelp harvest and farming.

In partnership with the Kwakiutl Nation and the BC Ministry of Land, Water, and Resource Stewardship, Sarah’s research created a new information framework to support Kwakiutl marine management. This work weaves Indigenous and western knowledge to explore how Kwakiutl principles, community values, objectives, and trade-offs can cultivate climate resilient kelp harvest and mariculture. We use semi-directed interviews with local knowledge-keepers to remember and uplift Kwakiutl knowledge and principles for governance; community surveys to document local values for kelp and trade-off preferences for mariculture; and a workshop to co-create climate adaptation strategies for kelp practices in Kwakiutl territory. This co-developed and collaborative research aims to provide information and space to Kwakiutl Nation leaders so they can make informed decisions about developing kelp mariculture and/or burgeoning wild kelp harvest in their territory.

About Sarah Gutzmann

Sarah Gutzmann is a Master of Resource Management (MRM) student, Community Engaged Research (CERi) Fellow, and interdisciplinary researcher at in the Coastal Marine Ecology and Conservation Lab at Simon Fraser University (SFU). She is passionate about coastal marine social-ecological systems and addressing environmental crises (be it biodiversity loss, climate change, habitat destruction, pollution, etc.) through coproducing knowledge and supporting place-based governance and management, specifically in collaboration with Indigenous nations. Ultimately, her goal is to solve real-world, environmental problems in a socially just manner.

Prior to starting her MRM, Sarah completed a B.Sc. (Honours) in Environmental Science with a minor in Environmental Toxicology at SFU. Her honours thesis research established that photography can be used as an application for community-based fisheries monitoring of broad whitefish in the Canadian Arctic. Her dedication to the bettering our environment has given her a diverse background in conservation biology, toxicology, marine ecology, as well as public outreach and science communication. She has worked in riparian habitat restoration, researched salmon energetics, searched for pests in cranberry fields, run experiments to evaluate microplastic toxicity, developed public educational programming, helped rehabilitate sick/injured marine mammals, and more.

Sarah is grateful to the xʷməθkwəy̓əm (Musqueam), Skwxwú7mesh (Squamish), Səl̓ílwətaʔ/Selilwitulh (Tsleil-Waututh), kʷikʷəƛ̓əm (Kwikwetlem), q̓ic̓əy̓ (Katzie), qʼʷa:n̓ ƛʼən̓ (Kwantlen), qiqéyt (Qayqayt), and Stó:lō Nations for stewarding the lands and waters on which she lives since time out of mind. In her free time, you can usually find her exploring with her beagle, Tova.

Questions for Sarah Gutzmann? Email her at: sarahbgutzmann@gmail.com

LinkedIn: Sarah Gutzmann

Alexis Jordan – Fall 2023 Scholar

About Alex Jordan

I’m a fourth-year undergraduate at Western Washington University, studying marine science and geographic information science. I work at WWU’s Shannon Point Marine Center as a research assistant, running temperature experiments on eelgrass (Zostera marina) from the Salish Sea. My team and I are currently planning the experimental design for our next project, which aims to uncover how elevated sea surface temperatures may affect eelgrass germination and life history strategies. In my free time, I like to watch movies and go hiking.

Questions for Alexis Jordan? Email her at: alexis.jordan110@gmail.com

Elyse Kelsey – Fall 2023 Scholar

About Elyse Kelsey

Elyse Kelsey is a first-year graduate student in the School of Marine and Environmental Affairs at the University of Washington. Prior to starting her master’s degree, she earned a B.S. degree in environmental science and a graduate certificate in data science for environmental applications from Western Washington University. She has enjoyed working outdoors in many seasonal positions after earning her undergraduate degree. Elyse worked at Wolf Hollow Wildlife Rehabilitation Center on San Juan Island caring for native species, at Ocean City State Park maintaining coastal recreation areas, and for the University of Alaska Fairbanks APECS Lab assisting with field research on nearshore fish assemblages in Southeast Alaska. Most recently, Elyse has worked for the Issaquah School district developing educational curriculum and activity programming for elementary-aged students. She is hoping to combine her background in education with community outreach and citizen science to promote marine conservation. She currently works as a student assistant for the Washington Sea Grant Crab Team. When Elyse is not in class or at work you can find her exploring tide pools, hiking the foothills of Mt. Rainier, or crocheting somewhere sunny.

Questions for Elyse Kelsey? Email her at: annelysekelsey@gmail.com

Left: Prochlorococcus modeled daily growth and temperature from in situ flow cytometry data Right: Prochlorococcus lab culture data for 2 different ecotypes
Time series modeled output from the environment follows similar relationship with lab experiments, which implies cells in the ocean also experience thermal stress

About Kathy Qi

Kathy Qi is a second year Biological Oceanography PhD student in the Armbrust Lab at the University of Washington. Her research focuses on tiny phytoplankton that have large ecological roles in ecosystems and disentangling their responses to environmental variables and climate change. She uses flow cytometry data coupled with other datasets of varying resolutions, and she is working to model growth rates in the Salish Sea and the larger North Pacific Ocean. Kathy holds a Bachelor’s in Science in Marine Biology and Computer Science (2020) and a Master’s in Science in Marine Biology (2021) from the University of California San Diego. In her free time, Kathy enjoys skiing, rock climbing, biking, backpacking. She also likes spending time with her two cats and painting to Bob Ross videos.

Questions for Kathy Qi? Email her at: klqi@uw.edu

Bacterial viruses (orange) attached to a membrane vesicle produced by a SAR11 cell (grey)

About Michael Sadler

Mike is currently a PhD student in the University of Washington’s School of Oceanography and was previously a municipal wastewater treatment laboratory technician here in the Puget Sound. He has always been passionate about environmental conservation and resource management, but his work in wastewater gave him a new perspective on effective conservation and the complexities of managing diverse stakeholder interests. This lead Mike to volunteer with the Snohomish County Marine Resource Committee, which significantly contributed to his decision to join the UW School of Oceanography. A group of bacteria known as SAR11 dominate the world’s oceans. Due to their sheer abundance, they are strong contributors to the organic carbon and dissolved oxygen concentrations in marine systems. Mike studies how these bacteria exchange genetic material, the role viruses play in shaping these bacterial populations, and how this group of bacteria might respond to a changing climate.

Questions for Michael Sadler? Email him at mikes92@uw.edu

Mary Margaret Stoll – Fall 2022 Scholar

A Century of Change in the California Current: Quantifying the Impact of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Ocean Chemistry

The California Current System (CCS) is an eastern boundary current off the west coast of North America that is characterized by intense upwelling of acidified waters with low-pH and high-pCO₂. This uplift of deep water to the surface also provides a pathway for nutrients to fuel one of the most economically vital and biologically productive ecosystems in the world. As a result of these acidified, upwelled waters, the CCS represents the leading edge of ocean acidification impacts while also providing a window into future ocean conditions and processes. However, predicting the extent and pace of acidification in upwelling systems is complicated because anthropogenic contributions to acidification are intertwined with natural sources of acidity and variability. Therefore, a central and contested question is whether acidification in coastal upwelling regions like the CCS will follow the pace of increasing atmospheric CO₂, or if dynamic climate effects will act to either accelerate or attenuate acidification.

Here, we apply a boron isotope pH proxy to cold-water orange cup corals collected since the 1890s along the west coast of North America. We establish a historic baseline for acidification in the CCS and the Salish Sea, an associated coastal estuary. Combining these geochemical records with a biogeochemical ocean model, we show that the CCS and Salish Sea have experienced accelerated acidification and increased CO₂ accumulation over the industrial era relative to the atmosphere. We use our biogeochemical model to show that this acceleration is projected to continue in the coming century, posing a severe threat to marine ecosystems of economic, cultural, and biological significance.

About Mary Margaret Stoll

Growing up in New England, I attribute my love of the oceans to my family’s annual camping trips to Acadia National Park in Maine. My curiosity for the surrounding world steered me to pursue a dual degree program in Chemistry and Environmental Studies at Amherst College in addition to Engineering at Dartmouth College. Subsequent research experiences studying the effects of climate change on blue mussels, sea ice in Alaska, and green sea turtles in Hawaii solidified my career path as a scientist exploring our impact on the oceans.

I am currently a fourth-year graduate student in the School of Oceanography at the University of Washington. My graduate research aims to identify the primary processes that affect ocean acidification in the Salish Sea and broader California Current using coral paleoclimate records and biogeochemical models. I hope these insights will enhance our understanding of the western US coastal waters and constrain our projections of climate change impacts in the region.

As a scientist, it is my goal to understand the challenges confronting the marine environment and produce actionable science that informs responsible environmental policy and conservation. As the insights from my research will constrain climate change impacts in this region, I hope to open pathways of engagement within the community to collaboratively inform strategies that protect the Salish Sea. I hope to weave this common thread of marine conservation based on science, policy and communities into my future work to protect ocean ecosystems from a holistic perspective.

Questions for Mary Margaret Stoll? Email her at mmstoll@uw.edu

Twitter: @MM_Stoll

Brian Timmer – Fall 2023 Scholar

About Brian Timmer

Brian (he/him) is a National Geographic Explorer in the second year of his PhD with Dr. Julia Baum at the University of Victoria, which is supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), as well as the Kelp Rescue Initiative and the Royal Canadian Geographical Society. He is using historical data that he discovered in the University of Victoria archives to investigate how a half-century of climate change has affected seaweed phenology and kelp forest distribution in the Salish Sea, as well as working with the Kelp Rescue Initiative team to advance kelp forest restoration techniques. Brian spent nearly a decade as a SCUBA instructor, where he watched first-hand as all the kelp forests disappeared from his favourite dive sites in the northern Salish Sea. Soon after he completed a BSc in Biology followed by an MSc in Geography, focused on the remote sensing of kelp forests.

Questions for Brian Timmer? Email him at briantimmer@uvic.ca